EVMTools

Ethereum Epoch / Slot Calculator

Convert between Ethereum beacon chain epochs, slots, timestamps, and dates. Live current epoch and slot display with notable epoch references.

Current Epoch

0

Current Slot

0

Slot in Epoch

0 / 32

Convert from:

Notable Ethereum Epochs

Quick Reference

  • 1 slot = 12 seconds
  • 1 epoch = 32 slots = 6.4 minutes
  • ~225 epochs per day
  • Beacon Chain genesis: Dec 1, 2020 12:00:23 UTC (timestamp 1606824023)

How to Use This Epoch / Slot Calculator

This tool converts between Ethereum beacon chain epochs, slots, Unix timestamps, and human-readable dates. It also displays the current live epoch and slot numbers.

  1. Enter an epoch number to see its corresponding slot range, start timestamp, and human-readable date.
  2. Enter a slot number to find which epoch it belongs to and its exact timestamp.
  3. Enter a timestamp or date to find the corresponding epoch and slot at that point in time.
  4. View the live display showing the current epoch, slot, and time until the next epoch boundary.

All calculations are based on the beacon chain genesis time (December 1, 2020 12:00:23 UTC) with 12-second slots and 32-slot epochs. Everything runs locally in your browser.

Common Use Cases

  • Validator monitoring — Convert between epochs and timestamps to schedule and verify validator duties like attestations and block proposals.
  • Upgrade tracking — Look up notable epochs for network upgrades (Merge, Shapella, Dencun) to understand when consensus changes took effect.
  • Finality verification — Calculate how many epochs ago a block was finalized to verify settlement for exchanges and bridges.
  • Historical research — Convert dates to epoch/slot numbers for querying beacon chain APIs about historical validator performance and network state.
  • Staking analytics — Map epoch numbers to dates for analyzing staking rewards, validator uptime, and slashing events over time.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is an Ethereum epoch?

An epoch on the Ethereum beacon chain consists of 32 slots (approximately 6.4 minutes). Epochs are the fundamental time unit for validator duties, attestations, and finality. At the end of each epoch, the beacon chain processes attestations and may finalize blocks. Epoch numbering starts from 0 at the beacon chain genesis.

What is a slot in Ethereum?

A slot is a 12-second time window during which a validator can propose a block. Each epoch contains 32 slots, numbered sequentially. Not every slot produces a block (missed slots occur when the proposer is offline). Slot numbers are used to reference specific points in the beacon chain timeline.

How do I convert between epochs and timestamps?

To convert an epoch to a Unix timestamp: timestamp = beaconGenesisTime + (epoch x 32 x 12). The beacon chain genesis time is 1606824023 (December 1, 2020 12:00:23 UTC). To convert a timestamp to an epoch: epoch = floor((timestamp - beaconGenesisTime) / (32 x 12)). This tool handles the conversion automatically.

What is finality in Ethereum?

Finality means a block and its transactions cannot be reversed without burning at least 1/3 of the total staked ETH. Ethereum achieves finality every 2 epochs (~12.8 minutes) under normal conditions. A block is considered finalized when it has been justified in one epoch and then confirmed in the next. The Casper FFG protocol governs this process.

What are notable Ethereum epochs?

Notable epochs include: Epoch 0 (Beacon Chain genesis, Dec 1 2020), Epoch 74240 (Altair upgrade), Epoch 144896 (Bellatrix/Merge, Sep 2022 - transition to proof of stake), Epoch 194048 (Shapella/Shanghai, enabling staked ETH withdrawals), and Epoch 269568 (Dencun, introducing proto-danksharding with EIP-4844).

How does the beacon chain relate to the execution layer?

Since The Merge (September 2022), the beacon chain (consensus layer) drives block production for the execution layer. Validators on the beacon chain propose blocks that contain both consensus data (attestations, slashings) and execution data (transactions). The execution layer handles EVM transaction processing, while the consensus layer manages validator duties and finality.

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